The harmful effects of substance abuse are felt by the young people who use substances, their families, and most acutely by their parents. Substances negatively impact the well-being of young individuals, leading to a surge in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Stressful parenting situations necessitate help for parents. Parents' daily plans and routines are jeopardized by their inability to predict the substance abuser's conduct and the potential outcomes. Prioritizing the well-being of parents equips them with the necessary resources to help their young ones when they need support. Unfortunately, there is little documented information about the psychosocial support required by parents, especially during times of their child's substance use challenges.
This article's analysis of the relevant literature seeks to uncover the required parental support in managing adolescent substance abuse.
The study utilized the narrative literature review (NLR) method. The quest for literature involved electronic databases, search engines, and the practice of hand searches.
The youth involved in substance abuse and their families experience substantial negative consequences from substance abuse. Parents, experiencing the greatest impact, should receive supportive help. Parents can feel supported by the involvement of health care professionals.
Parents require supportive programs that bolster their inherent capabilities and provide them with strength.
Parental support programs bolstering existing strengths are crucial for family well-being.
Urgent action is advocated by CliMigHealth and the Education for Sustainable Healthcare (ESH) Special Interest Group of the Southern African Association of Health Educationalists (SAAHE) to incorporate planetary health (PH) and environmental sustainability into healthcare education programs in Africa. 4Octyl Developing a robust public health education system combined with sustainable healthcare practices nurtures the autonomy of health workers to connect the threads of healthcare and public health. Faculties are urged to create 'net zero' strategies and actively promote national and sub-national policies and practices that embrace the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and PH. National education bodies and health professional societies should encourage innovation in Environmental, Social, and Health (ESH) and establish discussion platforms and resources to aid the incorporation of Public Health (PH) into curriculums. African health curricula should, according to this article, incorporate planetary health and environmental sustainability.
Guided by disease priorities, the World Health Organization (WHO) formulated a model list of essential in vitro diagnostics (EDL) to help nations build and maintain their point-of-care (POC) diagnostic capacity. Point-of-care diagnostic tests, as outlined in the EDL for use in healthcare facilities lacking laboratories, could encounter various challenges during their implementation in low- and middle-income countries.
To understand the elements that support and impede the implementation of point-of-care testing services within primary care settings in low- and middle-income countries.
Low- and middle-income nations.
In accordance with Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework, the scoping review was performed. A detailed search across Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, using both Boolean operators ('AND' and 'OR') and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), was performed to identify relevant literature on the topic. English-language qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research from the years 2016 to 2021 was the focus of this investigation. Guided by the pre-defined eligibility criteria, two reviewers independently assessed articles at both the abstract and full-text stages. 4Octyl Employing qualitative and quantitative methods, the data were analyzed.
From the 57 studies ascertained via literature searches, only 16 met the prescribed standards of this study's criteria. Seven out of sixteen research investigations covered both the encouraging and hindering elements of point-of-care testing procedures, while the other nine solely addressed the challenges, including inadequate funding, insufficient personnel, and stigmatization, and other related factors.
Research in the study demonstrated a wide gap in understanding the contributing and obstructing elements, specifically pertaining to general diagnostic tools for use at the point of care in healthcare facilities devoid of laboratories in low- and middle-income nations. To enhance service delivery, extensive research into POC testing services is strongly advised. This study's findings add a layer of depth to the existing body of literature examining POC testing evidence.
The investigation uncovered a significant research void in understanding the enabling and impeding elements pertaining to general point-of-care diagnostics in LMIC health facilities lacking laboratory infrastructure. Improving service delivery necessitates extensive research into POC testing services. Evidence from this study contributes to several existing scholarly works examining point-of-care testing.
The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer are highest among men in South Africa and other sub-Saharan African countries. While prostate cancer screening may be beneficial for specific segments of the male population, a pragmatic and logical approach is essential.
Regarding prostate cancer screening, this study scrutinized the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary health care professionals within the Free State province of South Africa.
Selected local clinics and general practice rooms, in addition to district hospitals, were selected.
A cross-sectional analytical survey constituted the method of this study. Through stratified random sampling, participating nurses and community health workers (CHWs) were chosen. All available medical doctors and clinical associates were solicited for participation, yielding 548 individuals. By means of self-administered questionnaires, relevant information was obtained from the specified PHC providers. Employing Statistical Analysis System (SAS) Version 9, calculations were performed on both descriptive and analytical statistics. A p-value of 0.05 or lower was taken to indicate statistical significance.
Most participants demonstrated a significant lack of knowledge (648%), neutral perceptions (586%) and a poor standard of practice (400%). The mean knowledge scores of female PHC providers, lower cadre nurses, and CHWs were comparatively lower. A correlation existed between a lack of participation in continuing medical education related to prostate cancer and poor knowledge (p < 0.0001), negative attitudes (p = 0.0047), and insufficient practical application (p < 0.0001).
Regarding prostate cancer screening, this study revealed substantial knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) discrepancies among healthcare providers in primary care (PHC). To overcome any identified skill deficiencies, the preferred teaching and learning approaches suggested by the participants should be adopted. Regarding prostate cancer screening within primary healthcare settings, this study identifies a critical need for addressing knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) disparities among providers. This consequently emphasizes the need for capacity building initiatives specifically targeting district family physicians.
This study highlighted significant knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) disparities in prostate cancer screening among primary healthcare (PHC) providers. The participants' preferred teaching and learning strategies should be utilized to address any identified gaps in knowledge. This study underscores the imperative of bridging knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) gaps in prostate cancer screening among primary healthcare (PHC) providers, thus highlighting the crucial role of district family physicians in capacity building.
To facilitate the timely diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in settings with limited resources, sputum samples need to be referred from non-diagnostic facilities to those offering diagnostic examinations. The sputum referral cascade in Mpongwe District, as shown by the 2018 TB program data, demonstrated a loss in efficiency.
The authors of this study aimed to determine the stage of the referral cascade at which the loss of sputum specimens took place.
Mpongwe District's primary healthcare facilities, located in Copperbelt Province, Zambia.
Data from a central laboratory and six referral healthcare facilities, gathered retrospectively, were recorded using a paper-based tracking sheet over the period between January and June 2019. Using SPSS version 22, descriptive statistics were computed.
In the presumptive tuberculosis registers at the referring facilities, 328 presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis patients were identified; 311 (94.8%) of these individuals subsequently submitted sputum specimens and were referred to the diagnostic facilities. The laboratory received 290 (932%) samples, and 275 (948%) of these samples were subject to examination. Of the initial 15, 52% were deemed unsuitable, citing insufficient sample size as the primary reason. Referring facilities received and acknowledged the results of all the examined samples. An exceptional 884% completion rate was observed in referral cascades. Six days constituted the median completion time for the process, while the interquartile range spanned 18 days.
The biggest breakdown in the Mpongwe District sputum referral process took place during the period from sample dispatch until its arrival at the diagnostic facility. Ensuring timely tuberculosis diagnosis and reducing specimen loss requires the Mpongwe District Health Office to develop a system to track and evaluate sputum sample movement along the referral pathway. 4Octyl This research, targeting primary healthcare in resource-constrained settings, has indicated the particular stage in the sputum sample referral process where losses are concentrated.